KMID : 1225720150070040359
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Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research : AAIR 2015 Volume.7 No. 4 p.359 ~ p.366
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Effect of Traffic-Related Air Pollution on Allergic Disease: Results of the Children¡¯s Health and Environmental Research
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Jung Dal-Young
Leem Jong-Han Kim Hwan-Cheol Kim Jeong-Hee Hwang Seung-Sik Lee Ji-Young Kim Byoung-Ju Hong Yun-Chul Hong Soo-Jong Kwon Ho-Jang
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Abstract
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Purpose: This study evaluated the relationship of living near to main roads to allergic diseases, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), allergic sensitization, and lung function in Korean children.
Methods: A total of 5,443 children aged 6-14 years from 33 elementary schools in 10 cities during 2005-2006 were included in a baseline survey of the Children¡¯s Health and Environmental Research. We assessed association of traffic-related air pollution (TAP) exposure with the distance to the nearest main road, total road length of main roads and the proportion of the main road area within the 200-m home area.
Results: Positive exposure-response relationships were found between the length of the main road within the 200-m home area and lifetime wheeze (adjusted prevalence ratio [PR] for comparison of the longest to the shortest length categories=1.24; 95% CIs, 1.04-1.47; P for trend=0.022) and diagnosed asthma (PR=1.42; 95% CIs, 1.08-1.86; P for trend=0.011). Living less than 75 m from the main road was significantly associated with lifetime allergic rhinitis (AR), past-year AR symptoms, diagnosed AR, and treated AR. The distance to the main road (P for trend=0.001), the length of the main road (P for trend=0.041), and the proportion of the main road area (P for trend=0.006) had an exposure-response relationship with allergic sensitization. A strong inverse association was observed between residential proximity to the main load and lung function, especially FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25-75. The length of the main road and the proportion of the main road area were associated with reduced FEV1 in schoolchildren.
Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that exposure to traffic-related air pollution may be associated with increased risk of asthma, AR, and allergic sensitization, and with reduced lung function in schoolchildren.
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KEYWORD
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Air pollution, asthma, allergic rhinitis, respiratory function tests, bronchial hyperreactivity, child
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